Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Solutions for Slaughterhouse and Dairy Industries: Integrating Advanced Technologies for Environmental Protection and Water Management

This research aims to develop and implement innovative wastewater treatment solutions for slaughterhouse and dairy industries in water-stressed regions, including South Africa, Tanzania, Ghana, and Turkey. These industries generate wastewater rich in fats, oils, nutrients, and contaminants, which pose environmental and public health risks. High water consumption and inadequate treatment exacerbate pollution challenges, making sustainable solutions essential. The project integrates advanced technologies such as enzyme-based pre-treatment to break down fats and proteins, optimized anaerobic digestion for enhanced biogas production, membrane bioreactors for nutrient removal, and nanobubble technology to improve digestion efficiency. Electro-biochemical reactors will recover phosphorus as struvite, a slow-release fertilizer supporting sustainable agriculture. Additionally, organic waste will be repurposed through black soldier fly larvae cultivation to produce protein-rich animal feed, while waste fats will be converted into biodiesel, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Beyond technological advancements, this study explores the social dimensions of wastewater reuse, examining industry stakeholders' perceptions, community attitudes, and policy frameworks influencing adoption. Through collaboration among universities in Cape Town, Dodoma, Kumasi, and Izmir, the project ensures diverse expertise and broad applicability of its solutions. By promoting a circular economy and aligning with global sustainability goals, this research supports water and energy security, pollution reduction, and economic resilience. The outcomes will enhance wastewater treatment efficiency, protect public health, and create new opportunities, demonstrating that wastewater can be transformed from an environmental burden into a valuable resource for industry and society.