A new research paper published in Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, funded by the Belmont Forum, highlights a critical concern on global environment research: decarbonization efforts may have unintended consequences for the global nitrogen cycle.

Led by Xin Zhang and colleagues, this study explores the nitrogen requirements of five major decarbonization strategies, revealing a complex interplay between carbon and nitrogen. Some strategies, while beneficial for reducing carbon emissions, could lead to increased nitrogen production and pollution, potentially exacerbating eutrophication in aquatic systems.

The Challenge of Nitrogen Management

For example, substituting fossil fuels with ammonia-based fuels in marine shipping could significantly reduce CO2 emissions but would require a massive increase in nitrogen synthesis. Similarly, widespread adoption of biofuels would necessitate increased nitrogen inputs to croplands.

This research underscores the need for carbon-nitrogen co-benefits in decarbonization efforts. Instead of focusing solely on reducing carbon emissions, it is necessary to consider the nitrogen cycle and its impact on the environment.

Moving Forward

A Belmont Forum-funded research, this study emphasizes the need for further research to guide decarbonization efforts. It also stresses the importance of considering the interconnectedness of global environmental challenges. As people work towards a sustainable future, it is paramount to ensure that efforts are sustainable for both the environment and our societies.

Learn More

You can read the full article, “Nitrogen management during decarbonization” in Nature Reviews Earth & Environment by clicking this link.

The Belmont Forum
Gabriella Servi